RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE, 2020, No. 2, 147–161

AN EXPERIMENT OF A LONG-TERM PRESERVATION OF A VALUABLE BIRCH GENOTYPES COLLECTION USING NON-HORMONE NUTRIENT MEDIA
T. M. Tabatskaya¹, O. S. Mashkina^1,2
1All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnilogy
Lomonosova st, 105, Voronezh, 394087, Russia
E-mail: mashkinaos@mail.ru
²Voronezh State University
Universitetskaya sq, 1, Voronezh, 394006, Russia

Received: 20 September 2018
A 12 birch clones collection (silver birch (Betula pendula L.), karelian birch (B. pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti), dalekarlian (B. pendula “dalekarlica”(L.f.)) and downy birch (B. pubescens Ehrh.)) with different storage periods in vitro was studied and the clones were assessed based on their regenerative ability, genetic stability and valuable features manifestation in the field (ex vitro). After a prolonged in vitro storage (varying from 1 to 26 years) using the non-hormone nutrient media and periodical replication of microplants for getting the planting stock, all the clones showed high vitality, decent micrografts spontaneous rooting ability (87-100%), normal growth and development. During a prolonged period of cultivation the clones showed cytogenetic stability while also maintaining (2n=2х=28, 2n=3х=42 or 2n=4х=56) and poikiloploid nature of mother trees. Field tests (ex vitro) showed the high quality of clones preservation and their good colonization and survival rate (71-99%), as well as uniformity and similarity to mother trees (in their growth, wood quality and genetic properties). Excluding the hormones from nutrient media on early stages of storage and cloning in vitro led to the inhibition of somaclonal variability and provided for the genetic stability of collection specimens. It allows for a collection use as a prolonged transplantation culture. in vitro and further use it for preservation ex situ and sustainable replication of valuable birch genotypes.
Keywords: Betula spp., in vitro collection, non-hormone nutrient media, prolonged storageд, plants testing in vitro and ex vitro.
DOI: 10.31857/S0024114820020084

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